Types of Child Labor

Agriculture
132 million child laborers work in agriculture.There are many different types of agricultural work and one of them is picking fruits and vegetables which demands the children to bend down, kneel, climb ladders, carry heavy loads of fruit, weed and cultivate soil, and apply pesticides to the plants growing.

Risks and Effects:
Heat and Sun
Children working in agriculture work in the sun for 10-12 hours a day. The Environmental Protection Agency said that children are more vulnerable to heat stress than adults. If the Child has a terrible sunburn during childhood it doubles the risk of receiving skin cancer in the future. 1992-2006, 423 children working in agriculture were reported to have passed away from heat exposure. 

Pesticides
Pesticides health threat is greater to children than adults because of their small body mass and state of rapid physical and cognitive development. also they can engage in hand-to-mouth behaviors that increase their risk of ingesting pesticides. No children interviewed by Human Rights Watch had received any safety training about the dangers of pesticides or what to do in case of exposure. Some didn't even know what pesticides were.

Hazardous Tools and Machinery

Agriculture labor requires the use of knives, ladders, hoes, and other tools. Common injuries include broken bones, sprains, and cuts. The most common injury were arms, hands, feet, and ankles. The children's inexperience increases the probability of accidents, injury and fatigue that comes from hours of work in difficult conditions.


Stone Crushers 

Children are employed by mine owners and contractors for digging, breaking stones, dumping, and transporting with no prescribed working hours or wages. There is a high rate of children in schools that drop out because of the mine labor market. Mining operators including central and state governments, the traders, buyers, national or multinational companies, and contractors. Others involved in the mine extraction, processing or marketing can be responsible for the existence of child labor.

Risks and Effects:
Constant inhalation of stone dust leads to severe illness like silicosis, tuberculosis, asthma, and lung cancer. Children often injury their hands. Backbreaking work with iron tools and heavy loads leads to causes in spinal and orthopedic complications. Medical and welfare facilities are absent. Children also work in granite mines for collecting kerosene from mine tailings and in treacheries, handling toxic wastes with their bare hands.The mine owners or contractors ignore the laws related to employing children. The payment for the children working in these conditions result in earning them $0.35 a day.
In this video you see children working in mining labor.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o2VFOzH1Qr0&feature=fvst


More videos:

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EJXfILoTEXQ

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KVgljEs5RE

Bibliography
LL, J. (2009). Child Labor. Retrieved from NCFH: http://www.ncfh.org/docs/fs-Child%20Labor.pdf

Grinder. (2010). Mining and Stone Crusher Children. Retrieved from Raymondgrindingmill: http://www.raymondgrindingmill.com/solutions/how-to-crushing/mining-and-stone-crusher-children.html

Kendall

Child Labor

The International Labor Organization defines child labor as:
- Depriving children of their childhood, their potential and their dignity, and is harmful to physical and mental development.
- Is mentally, physically, socially or morally dangerous and harmful.
- Interferes with their schooling by depriving them or the opportunity to attend school, obliging them to leave school prematurely, or requiring them to attempt to combine school attendance with excessively long and heavy work.

The ages are raged as so:
- Ages 5-11: At least one hour of economic work or 28 hours of domestic work per week.
- Ages 12-14: At least 14 hours of economic work or 28 hours of domestic work per week.
- Ages 14-17: At least 43 hours of economic work or  domestic work per week.

Accidents
- 1992-2000, there was reported 603 children that died as a result of occupational injuries.
- 1998, 77,000 child workers required treatment in hospital emergency rooms and an estimate total of 230,000 children under age 18 suffered work related injuries in the same year.

Bibliography
LL, J. (2009). Child Labor. Retrieved from NCFH: http://www.ncfh.org/docs/fs-Child%20Labor.pdf 

Kendall

Introduction

Welcome!
Project Save the Children is a blog that Joyce, Melissa and Kendall have created for an English Project. We will be touching on different sorts of different topics of child labor.

For more information on how to help: http://www.freethechildren.com/getinvolved/youth/issues/index.php?type=childlabour&gclid=CKbcn6zFvK4CFRIDQAodhlnPQQ

Thank you,
JKM